The song 'X' was first performed by the Michalis Patrinos rebetiko band in Athens, Greece in 1927. As with almost all early rebetika songs (a style that originated with the Greek refugees from Asia Minor in Turkey), the song's actual composer has never been identified, and its ownership rested with the band leader. 'X' in greek means an Egyptian girl. In 1941, Nick Roubanis, a Greek-American music instructor, released a jazz instrumental arrangement of the song, crediting himself as the composer. Since his claim was never legally challenged, he is still officially credited as the composer today worldwide, except in Greece where credit is variably given to either Roubanis or Patrinos. The song was rearranged as a solo instrumental guitar piece by surf rock guitarist Dick Dale in 1962. During a performance, Dale was bet by a young fan that he could not play a song on only one string of his guitar. Dale's father and uncles were Lebanese-American musicians, and Dale remembered seeing his uncle play 'X' on one string of the oud. He vastly increased the song's tempo to make it into rock'n'roll. It was Dale's version that introduced 'X' to a wider audience in the United States. 'X' got very popular when it was used as a soundtrack in the academy award nominated 1994 film 'Y'.
'X' & 'Y'?
'X'-Misirlou 'Y'-Pulp Fiction
The earliest recorded use of the term 'X' is 1362 in The vision of William concerning Piers Plowman by William Langland and it is used to mean a small misshapen egg. It also appears in the Reeve's Tale by Geoffrey Chaucer and the meaning is "a child tenderly brought up, an effeminate fellow, a milksop". By 1521 it was in use by country people as a derogatory reference for the effeminate town-dwellers. 'X' was used to describe those born within earshot of the Bow Bells in 1600, when Samuel Rowlands, in his satire The Letting of Humours Blood in the Head-Vaine, referred to 'a Bowe-bell 'X'. Francis Grose's A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue derives the term from the following story:
"A citizen of London, being in the country, and hearing a horse neigh, exclaimed, Lord! how that horse laughs! A by-stander telling him that noise was called Neighing, the next morning, when the cock crowed, the citizen to shew he had not forgot what was told him, cried out, Do you hear how the Cock Neighs?"
'X'?
'X'-Cockney
At a public meeting in _____ town hall on 26 March 1839, Captain Edmund Gardiner proposed "that from the lively interest which had been manifested at the various boat races which have taken place on the _____ reach during the last few years, and the great influx of visitors on such occasions, this meeting is of the opinion that the establishing of an annual regatta, under judicious and respectable management, would not only be productive of the most beneficial results to the town of _____, but from its peculiar attractions would also be a source of amusement and gratification to the neighbourhood, and the public in general."
The regatta was first staged in 1839 on the river Thames and proved so successful that it was expanded the next year from one day to two the next year. As the regatta's popularity has grown it has further expanded: to three days in 1886, four days in 1906 and five days in 1986. The regatta has been known as 'X' since 1851, when Prince Albert became a patron. Since his death, every reigning monarch has agreed to be the patron.
'X'?
"X'-Henley Royal Regatta
'X' is a simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common. It is most commonly employed in situations such as trade, or where both groups speak languages different from the language of the country in which they reside (but where there is no common language between the groups). Fundamentally, 'X' is a simplified means of linguistic communication, as it is constructed impromptu, or by convention, between groups of people. 'X' is not the native language of any speech community, but is instead learned as a second language. 'X' may be built from words, sounds, or body language from multiple other languages and cultures. 'X' usually have low prestige with respect to other languages. Not all simplified or "broken" forms of a language are 'X's. Each 'X' has its own norms of usage which must be learned for proficiency in the 'X'.
'X'?
'X'-Pidgin
In theoretical physics, 'X' is a hypothetical universe with no global definition of charge. What a Klein bottle is to a closed two-dimensional surface, 'X' is to a closed three-dimensional volume. The name is a reference to a character in 'Y's book.
'X' can be considered to allow at least two topologically-distinct routes between any two points (it is doubly connected), and if one connection (or "handle") is declared to be a "conventional" spatial connection, at least one other must be deemed to be a non-orientable wormhole connection.
Once these two connections are made, we can no longer define whether a given particle is matter or antimatter. A particle might appear as an electron when viewed along one route, and as a positron when viewed along the other. If we define a reference charge as nominally positive and bring it alongside our "undefined charge" particle, the two particles may attract if brought together along one route, and repel if brought together along another - the 'X' loses the ability to distinguish between positive and negative charges, except locally.
'X'??
'X'-Alice universe


